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Friday, Apr 04, 2025

Srbija najteže pogođena novim američkim tarifama od 37%

Srbija najteže pogođena novim američkim tarifama od 37%

Ekonomisti upozoravaju na negativan uticaj na izvozne sektore, posebno metalurgiju i industriju automobila.
Sjedinjene Američke Države su 2. aprila 2025. godine, najavile uvođenje novih tarifnih mera koje uključuju osnovnu stopu od 10% na sav uvoz, uz značajno veće stope za određene zemlje.

Srbija je dospela na vrh liste zemalja pogođenih ovim tarifama, sa stopom od 37%, što je viša tarifa nego što je uvedena za Kinu ili Evropsku uniju.

Ekonomisti izražavaju zabrinutost zbog posledica ovih mera na srpski izvoz, naročito u sektorima čelika, aluminijuma i automobila.

Profesor Veljko M. Mijušković sa Ekonomskog fakulteta u Beogradu ukazuje da će visoke tarife posebno pogoditi srpske izvoznike metala, čime će njihovi proizvodi postati znatno skuplji za američke kupce i tako smanjiti potražnju.

Prema njegovim rečima, povećanje cena od 37% značajno će smanjiti konkurentnost srpskih proizvoda u SAD, posebno u odnosu na dobavljače iz zemalja koje su pogođene nižim tarifama.

Mijušković takođe upozorava da bi smanjenje izvoza moglo ugroziti industrijske kapacitete i zaposlenost u Srbiji.

Kompanije koje su do sada bile fokusirane na američko tržište, suočavaju se sa potrebom da smanje proizvodnju ili, potencijalno, otpuste radnike.

U okviru mera koje je predstavila Trampova administracija, novo uvedene tarife uključuju 25% na uvoz automobila i auto-delova.

Očekivani efekti ovih tarifa potencijalno mogu destabilizovati trgovinske odnose Srbije i SAD, otežavajući buduće pregovore o trgovinskim aranžmanima.

Pitanja kako Srbija može smanjiti ili ukinuti ove tarife su u fokusu ekonomista.

Mijušković sugeriše da bi jedna od strategija mogla biti ublažavanje carinskih mera na određene američke proizvode, kako bi se otvorio prostor za diplomatske pregovore sa Vašingtonom.

Bojan Stanić iz sektora strateških analiza ističe da je nejasno kako će određene mere izgledati, ali naglašava da je planirano da carine budu primenjene na svu robu koja se uvozi iz Srbije, čime bi Srbija postala manje konkurentna na američkom tržištu.

Očekuje se da će smanjenje potražnje za čelikom i aluminijumom u Evropi dodatno ugroziti srpski izvoz prema Evropskoj uniji, koja je značajan trgovinski partner.

Takođe, moguće su promene u lancima snabdevanja i rast cena uvezenih proizvoda, što će imati dodatni negativan efekat na domaću ekonomiju.

U ovom kontekstu, analitičari ukazuju na potrebu da Srbija pažljivo prati prve poteze EU i potencijalne kontramere.

Mijušković naglašava da bi u narednom periodu Srbija morala da vrednuje kako će se novi trgovinski aranžmani i carinske mere reflektovati na njene ekonomske strategije i pozicije na globalnom tržištu.
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